INDIAN TOURISM. QUTUB MINAR, DELHI.

 

Qutub Minar

Qutub Minar

 Qutub Minar is a very high tower situated atop the Lalkot monument, it is one of the most famous places in Delhi.  Qutubuddin Aibak started the construction of Qutub Minar in 1199 and his son-in-law and successor Shamshuddin Iltutmish completed it in 1368.

 The building was named after Khwaja Qutbuddin Bakhtiar Kaki.

 It is believed that the Qutub Minar was used as the tower of the nearby mosque and the Ajan was offered from here.

 Quranic verses are written on this building made of red and light yellow stone.

 Originally, Qutub Minar was of seven floors but now it has remained of five floors.

 The Qutub Minar has a total height of 72.5 meters and has 379 stairs.  It has also been repaired from time to time.

 The emperors who got it repaired on its walls are mentioned.

 There are many more buildings in Qutub Minar complex.  India's first Kuwait-ul-Islam-mosque, Alai Darwaza and Iltutmish's tomb are also built here.

 There is also a fourth-century iron pillar near the mosque which attracts a lot of tourists.

 Five floors of this building, three floors are made of red stone and two floors are made of marble and red stone.  Having a balcony in front of each floor appears well.

 According to the Devanagari language inscription in the tower, the tower was damaged in 1326 and it was repaired by Muhammad bin Tughlaq.

 Later in 1368, Ferozeshah Tughlaq removed its upper storey and added two floors to it.  Near it are the mausoleums of Adham Khan, son of Sultan Iltutmish, Alauddin Khilji, Balban and Akbar's foster mother.

If you need some help while traveling, please tell us exactly how to get there. For the nearest bus station, train station, airport, accommodation, meals, etc. contact me on email parkhenandu1@gmail.com

15 January, Indian army day.

 

Rare Photo Of Field Marshal KM Cariappa (extreme right) and C Rajagopalchari.

On the occasion of Army Day, the entire nation narrates the story of the valor of the army, of indomitable courage and sacrifice of valor. Events are organized at various places. Along with the Army Headquarters in Delhi, other power show programs are organized in every corner of the country. 

 Indian Army Day

 The dates

 Jan 15

 The frequency

 Annual

 The style

 Army

 He took over on 15 January 1949 from General Roy Francis Butcher, the last British top commander of the Indian Army during the British Raj. The day is celebrated in New Delhi and all army headquarters with military parades, military exhibitions and other official events. A salute is also given on this day to all those brave fighters who have surrendered themselves supremely for the safety of their country and people. 

 EDIT HISTORY

 When India became independent on 15 August 1947, there was an atmosphere of upheaval due to the riots and refugees that spread throughout the country. This led to many administrative problems and then the army to control the situation. Had to come forward. After this a Special Army Command was formed to ensure peacekeeping during partition. But the President of the Indian Army still used to be of British origin. Field Marshal KM Cariappa became the first Indian Army Chief of Independent India on 15 January 1949. At that time there were about 2 lakh soldiers in the Indian Army.  Before that the post was held by Commander General Roy Francis Butcher. Since then, Army Day is celebrated every year on January 15. KM Cariappa was the first officer to be given the title of Field Marshal. He led the Indian Army in the Indo-Pak war in the year 1947. 

INDIAN TOURISM, LONAWALA, MAHARASHTRA.

 

LONAVALA

 Lonavala is a beautiful hilly region of Pune district in the Indian state of Maharashtra.  It is located in the northwest of Pune.  Lonavala is also called the jewel of the Sahyadri category.  The serene climate, serene environment and clean air make Lonavala an ideal place to spend a holiday.  Naval training is also given here.  Tourists can also see ancient Buddhist temples, magnificent forts and hills etc. in this famous place of Pune.  This mountainous region is famous for its health benefits due to its fresh, pollution-free environment and pleasant climate throughout the year, away from the running and noise of the city.  Annual income is also a means of attracting domestic and foreign tourists.

 EVENT

 Lonavala is situated at an altitude of 625 meters above sea level.  This hill station is at the Bhor Ghat Pass.  Pune-Mumbai rail route and road pass through this pass.  Lonavala is 64 kilometers from Pune and 96 kilometers from Mumbai.  It is also home to a small rock shelter and the headquarters of the 'Tata Hydroelectric Scheme'.

 HISTORY

 Lonavala is derived from the Sanskrit word 'Lonavali', which means - caves.  In ancient times Lonavala was ruled by Yadav kings.  Later Mughals took it under their control.  Realizing the strategic importance of the region, he retained his rule over Lonavala for a long time.  In 1871, Sir Alfiston, the Governor of Mumbai, discovered Lonavala.  At the time of its discovery it was in the form of a dense forest and only a handful of people inhabited here.

 CORRIGED

 JEWEL OF SAHYADRI

 Lonavala is also known as the 'Jewel of Sahyadri'.  It is a popular destination for hiking and trekking.  Apart from this, many historical forts, ancient caves and serene lakes surrounding it are associated with this place.  The climate here is also pleasant and beneficial for health.  On one side of the Lonavala is the Deccan plateau and on the other the panoramic views of the Konkan coast.  There is no better weather than the monsoon to experience the peace here.  There are also extensive waterfalls and greenery nearby.

 THE FAME

 The presence of famous lakes and dams such as Pavana Lake, Vallanan Lake, Tungarli Dam and Tungarli Lake in Lonavala make the environment of the place attractive.  Raiwood Park is an extensive garden located in Lonavala and is full of tall green trees.  It is a place of joy for young children who like to play in its vast grounds.  Shivaji Udyan is also another place to have fun.  However, if you prefer to go for a natural experience then Rajmachi Wildlife Sanctuary is a good place.  The Rajmachi Point offers spectacular views of Shivaji's famous fort and the surrounding valley.  While you are there, do not forget to visit the famous Waghajai Dari, apart from tasting a special item in Lonavala, Chikki, a hard sweet candy.

 WHEN TO GO

october to May is an ideal time for vacationers with a calm and soothing atmosphere.  However, most seasonal travelers prefer visiting Lonavala during the monsoon.  Lonavala has a very inviting climate, where the weather remains pleasant and hospitable throughout the year.

 HOW TO REACH

 Just one hundred kilometers away from Mumbai and Pune, this holiday spot is easily accessible by air, road and rail.  It is also a major stop on the rail line between the major cities of Mumbai and Pune.  It is located on the Mumbai-Pune highway and the Mumbai-Pune expressway.  The Pune airport is the nearest airport, which helps in getting to Lonavala.

If you need some help while traveling, please tell us exactly how to get there. For the nearest bus station, train station, airport, accommodation, meals, etc. contact me on email parkhenandu1@gmail.com

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INDIAN TOURISM, INDIA GATE,. DELHI

 INDIA GATE

INDIA GATE

 India Gate is an important monument not only of Delhi but of India.  India Gate was built in memory of more than 80,000 Indian soldiers who had attained heroism in the First World War.  The monument is fitted with 42 meter high arch and was designed by the famous architect Edwin Lutyens.  India Gate was earlier known as All India War Memorial.  The design of India Gate is similar to its French counterpart monument Arc-de-Triomphe.

 GEOGRAPHICAL SITUATION

 The city of Delhi, situated on the banks of river Yamuna, is the capital of India, a dazzling modern city with an ancient and dynamic history.  India Gate is located on the Rajpath of Delhi.  The city has a multilateral culture which can be called a small universe of the entire nation.  This city has two unique experiences simultaneously -

 New Delhi feels like a contemporary city with its wide streets and tall buildings.

 Walking through the streets of Old Delhi, you can take a view of a bygone era with narrow streets and old havelis.  There are thousands of old historical monuments and places of religious importance in Delhi.

 MANUFACTURING PERIOD

 It was prepared in 1931 to commemorate the Indian soldiers killed in the First World War and the Afghan War.

ARCHITECTURE

 The building is made of red stone which stands on the platform of a huge structure.  'India' is written on both sides above its arch.  The names of more than 70,000 Indian soldiers have been carved on its walls, in whose memory it is built.  It has a shallow circular bow-shaped shape at the top which was made to be filled with burning oil on special occasions.

 The names of the soldiers whose memory was built in India Gate are inscribed on this building.  The foundation of India Gate was laid by the Duke of Connaught in 1921 and it was dedicated to the nation a few years later by the then Viceroy Lord Irwin.  India Gate is an important building in Delhi.  Tourists coming to Delhi must visit here.

 In the memory of the martyred soldiers, a soldier's cap is placed on a rifle here, on which the 'Amar Jawan Jyoti' always burns on the four corners.  On its walls are the names of those thousands of martyred soldiers.  The top is written in English-

 To the dead of the Indian armies who fell honored in France and Flanders Mesopotamia and Persia East Africa Gallipoli and elsewhere in the near and the far-east and in sacred memory also of those whose names are recorded and who fell in India or the north-  west frontier and during the Third Afgan War.

 For the martyrs of the Indian armies, who were martyred in France and Flanders, Mesopotamia, Persia, East Africa, Gallipoli and elsewhere in the Near East and the Far East, and whose names are recorded in their sacred memory and in the Third Afghan War in India or North-  Deceased on the western border.

 AMAR JAWAN JYOTI

 At the bottom of India Gate is another monument, the Amar Jawan Jyoti, which was added after independence.  There is a continuous flame burning here in memory of the unknown soldiers who dedicated their lives to the service of this nation.

 Amar Jawan Jyoti was founded in memory of soldiers who participated in the Indo-Pak war of 1971.

 BOAT CLUB

 The lush green fields, children's gardens and the famous boat club make it a suitable picnic spot.  The cool evening breeze blowing near the fountains of India Gate attracts a lot of visitors here.  In the evening, it is illuminated by the lights around the India Gate, creating a spectacular view.  Standing near the memorial can be seen the Rashtrapati Bhavan.  The dark sky behind this beautifully lit monument gives it a memorable backdrop.  Even in the light of day, there is a beautiful view between India Gate and Rashtrapati Bhavan.

 REPUBLIC DAY PARADE

 Every year on 26 January, India Gate witnesses the Republic Day parade.  Where the advancement of the latest defense technology is demonstrated.  The parade held here also gives a glimpse of the colorful and diverse cultural heritage of the country of India, with artists from across the country showcasing their art on the occasion.

AMAR JAWAN JYOTI

If you need some help while traveling, please tell us exactly how to get there. For the nearest bus station, train station, airport, accommodation, meals, etc. contact me on email parkhenandu1@gmail.com

INDIAN TOURISM, TAJMAHAL. AGRA

 

TAJ MAHAL

 Taj Mahal (Tajmahal) ( construction - 1632 to 1653 AD) is located in Agra, Uttar Pradesh state, India.  The Taj Mahal is located on the southern bank of the Yamuna River on the outskirts of Agra city.  Taj Mahal is the most famous monument of Mughal rule.  This white marble work is famous all over the world and is the main center of tourist attraction.  The Taj Mahal is one of the seven wonders of the world.  The Taj Mahal is a wonderful ruler of a great ruler's love for his beloved queen.  The most beautiful and beautiful view of the Taj Mahal is visible on the full moon night.

 HISTORY

 Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan built the Taj Mahal in memory of his wife Arjumand Banu Begum, also known as Mumtaz Mahal.  The Taj Mahal was built by Shah Jahan over the tomb of Mumtaz Mahal.  Shah Jahan was also buried there after his death.  The mausoleum was named Taj Mahal after the name of Mumtaz Mahal.  Arjumand remained the integral consort of Shah Jahan until her death in 1631, during the confinement after the marriage of Nikah in 1612 AD.  The residence of Mumtaz Mahal was built after Mumtazah, named after the late queen, now called Taj Ganj and was also built near it.  The Taj Mahal is an excellent specimen of Mughal architecture.  The construction of the Taj Mahal has a beautiful blend of Persian, Ottoman, Indian and Islamic architecture.  In 1983, the Taj Mahal was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site.  The Taj Mahal has also been declared the gem of Islamic art of India.  The white dome of the Taj Mahal and the central mausoleum covered in marble in tile shape are the finest example of beauty.

 THE STRUCTURE

 The Taj Mahal is built on a rectangular plot of 580 × 305 meters and aligns towards the north-south.  There is a square garden in the middle of the Taj Mahal plot, each arm is 305 meters in length.  This garden is surrounded by two small rectangular blocks in the north and south.  The southern rectangular section has a sandstone entrance to the premises and attendants' building.  The northern rectangular section reaches the banks of the Yamuna River.  Here are the most important buildings, such as the famous mausoleum, which has two buildings on the western and eastern sides, mosques and jatavas (buildings that balance the response or aesthetics).  It is surrounded by high walls, at the corners of which are octagonal pavilions, in which the jungles have emerged.  The boundary wall surrounds the northern section and the central part of the garden.  To the south are stables and guards' chambers.  The entire complex was planned and constructed in totality, as there was no subsequent manipulation of Mughal building works.

 The mausoleum is built on a seven-meter-high marble platform, with four identical sloping entrances and a large arch, which is 33 meters in height on each pane.  The structure is completed by consisting of lattooned small domes resting on its high cylindrical base.  The concordance of the head of the mausoleum is seated on top of each arch by the Mundare and Kalash and on each corner by a magnificent dome.  A three-story tower is built on the four corners of the platform.  The marble of the mausoleum is very smooth cut, while the minarets use it in brick style.  Inside the mausoleum is the octagonal chamber, which is made of a less ornate and fine Pietra Dura.

 CONSTRUCTION

 The construction of the Taj Mahal started around 1632.  A council of architects from India, Persia, Central Asia and other countries had prepared a plan for the construction of this building.  By the time the Taj Mahal was completed in 1653, more than 20 thousand workers and artisans were engaged in the construction of the Taj Mahal daily.  The walls and main gates surrounding the Taj Mahal were built in 1649.  The construction of the entire Taj complex took 22 years and it cost four crore rupees.  Apart from India, there were also workers from Persia and Turkey.  Taj has a different style which draws the audience towards itself.  Shah Jahan had his hands chopped off by the builders.  This monument was designed by the Indian architect Isa.  Some people speculate that the help of the architect of Italy or France was also taken to make the plan.

 ARCHITECT

 Taj Mahal, Agra

 Some of the builders of the Taj Mahal are prominent.  Kelly Graffer of Taj Mahal was Amanat Khan Shiraji.  The tombstone is written by poet Ghiyasuddin, while the Taj Mahal dome was built by Ismail Khan Afridi from Turkey.  The superintendent of the Egyptians of the Taj Mahal was Muhammad Hanif.  The architect of the Taj Mahal was named Ustad Ahmad Lahori.

 MATERIAL

 The contents of the Taj Mahal were brought from all over India and Central Asia.  A fleet of 1000 elephants was assisted in bringing this material to the construction site.  The central dome of the Taj Mahal is 187 feet high.  The red sand stone of the Taj Mahal was brought from Fatehpur Sikri, Jasper from Punjab, Jade and Christal from China, Turkoish ie blue stone from Tibet, Lepis Lajuli and Sefair from Sri Lanka, coal from Arabia and diamonds from Cornelian and Panna.  A total of 28 types of rare, valuable and semi-precious stones were used in the Taj Mahal in the Taj Mahal.  The main building material, the white marble district was brought from the mines of Makrana, Nagaur, Rajasthan.

 ENTRY GATE

 The main entrance to the Taj Mahal is through the south gate.  This entrance is 151 feet long and 117 feet wide and the height of this entrance is 100 feet.  Tourists enter the main complex with small gates next to the main entrance.

 MAIN DOOR

 The main entrance to the Taj Mahal is made of red sandstone.  This main gate is 30 meters high.  Quranic verses in Arabic script are carved on this main gate.  Above this main gate is a small Hindu-style dome-shaped pavilion and looks very magnificent.

 One of the main features of this gateway is that letter writing appears to be of similar size from here.  The carpenters have carved it so efficiently that big and long letters create the illusion of being one size.  There are well-groomed 300 × 300 m gardens in the form of four gardens which are spread on both sides of the walkway.  There is a platform in the center from where tourists can take pictures of the Taj.

 TAJ MUSEUM

 To the left of the stage of the Taj Mahal is the Taj Museum.  Here in the original pictures, one can closely see how this monument was planned in architecture.  It would take 22 years to build this building. The architect had also guessed this.  The diagrams of this closely interiors show the position of the graves so that the foot side of the graves can be seen from any angle to the viewer.

 MOSQUE

 A mosque made of red sand stone is to the left of the Taj.  A common feature of Islamic religion is that a mosque is built near the mausoleum, as it gives that part a sanctity policy and place of worship.  The mosque is still used for prayers.

 ANSWER

 A similar mosque is also built on the right side of the Taj and is called Jawab.  Prayer is not performed here as it is towards the west i.e. unlike Mecca, which is the holy religious city of Muslims.  It was built to maintain symmetry.

 GROOMING

 The Taj Mahal is built on a high platform.  Four towers rising from each corner of the Taj Mahal's foundation give the tomb a fair balance.  These towers are 41.6 meters high and these towers have been deliberately tilted outward so that these towers do not fall on the tomb in an accident like earthquake.  The giant dome of the Taj Mahal rests on an exceptionally large drum and has a total height of 44.41 meters.  This drum has a stupa from the base to the top.  Despite its angles, the central dome is in the middle.  It is only one point of access to the tomb, the double steps opening towards the base and the entrance.  You have to remove shoes to go in here or you can put a cover on the shoes which are given to you by the staff present here for this purpose.

 INTERIOR

 The interior of the Taj Mahal has a large central hall, a cellar immediately below it, and below it are basically four chambers with eight corners for graves of members of the royal families.  In the center of this room are the graves of Shah Jahan and Mumtaz Mahal.  Shah Jahan's tomb is to the left and some height above his beloved queen's tomb which is situated just below the dome.  On which the previously treasured stones were inlaid.  The actual coffin is present in a cellar below the surface of the garden.  Quran verses are written in Persian on the grave of Mumtaz Mahal.  This grave has a stone inscribed on it - Markad Munawar Arjumad Banu Begum Mukhatib Bah Mumtaz Mahal Tanifiyat Farr Sanah 1404 Hijri.

 It is written in Persian on the grave of Shah Jahan -

 Markad Muhtahar Aali Hazrat Firdaus Ashiyani Sahib- Quran Sani Sani Shah Jahan Badshah Then Surah Sanah 1076 Hijri.

 Above this grave is a lamp, whose flame never ends.  Marble nets are built around the graves.  Both graves are decorated with semi-precious stones.  The control of the sound inside the building is very good, inside which the sound waves of the Quran and musicians are echoed.  It is said that before wearing shoes, you should put a circle of the grave so that you can see it from all sides.